Deepika Rajput: 2017

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Definition Of Software Engineering.

A discipline who's aim is the production of qualities software that is delivered on time with in budget and satisfied user requirements.

Software Failures.

1. IBM.

31% of project get cancelled before completion.

53% over run time there cost by 189%.

94 over 100 restarts.

2. Y2K problem.

3. Star Wars.

patriot missile in golfer (28 soldiers of us killed)

4. US consumer database(1996).

18 months,1 million dollar cost.

5. Ariane 5.

&7000m,10 years

39 second

Error 36.75 conversion 64 bit to 16 bit.

6. Window XP .

25 Oct 2001 - same day 18MB (2 patch security) pattens.

Software Myths.

Software's is easy to change.

Computer provide greater reliability then the device then replace.

Testing software and correcting can remove all drivers.

Reusing software increase safety.

Software work write to 1st time.

Software with more features it is battered software.

Aim of software development team is to working programs.

Software Terminologies.

Product & Process.
Measured Matrix and Measurement.
Generic & Customised Software.

Software Features.

Software does not wear out.
Software is not manufacture.
reusing of software.
software is flexible.

SDLC(Software Develop Life Cycle) Model.It is divided in 4 parts.

1.Waterfall model
2.prototype model(Evolutionary)

3.spiral model(Evolutionary)

4.iterative model(alternative )

5.RAD model(alternative)
6.build Nd fix.

1. Waterfall Model.

(a) requirement analysis & specification phase.

(b)Design phase.

(c)implementation & unit testing phase.

(d)integration & system testing phase.

(e)operation & maintenance phase.

Features of waterfall model.

1. Basic model OF SDLC.
2. Rapid model(fix)
3. Next step cannot be started unless the previous phase is completed.
4. User involvement in this model is only at the first phase can not see working model of the product until it is developed.
5. This model can accommodate any changes.
6. the model is suitable where all the requirement are clearly understood and mentioned in first phase.

2. Prototype model.

(a) this model as alternative to the waterfall model with the advantage of showing working prototype to the user by the development process to user.

(b) the working prototype is evaluate by the customer until it satisfied the customers needs the refinement of requirement continues in the process.

Prototype can be 2 types.

1. Evolutionary

2. throws.

Basic of difference.

a. development approaches.

b. what to build.

c. main objective.

d. ultimate uses.

Evolutionary.

a. rigorous.

b. build understood part first and build on solate foundation.

c. optimised modified ability.

d. evaluate.

throws.

a. quick and dirty.

b. build only difficult parts.

c. optimised development time.

d. throw it aways.

3. spiral model.

* invented by berry bohem to keeping of incorporate project risk factor into SDLC.

* in this model the radial dimensional reprinting the cumulative cost each path around the spiral indicate the increase cost.

* the regular dimension represent the progress made incomplete the life cycle.

* 1 phase is split into 4 different activities.

(a) planning(determination of objectives, determinative, constraints)

(b) risk analysis (analysis the alternative & attend to the identify and resolve the risk).

(c)development(product development & testing the product)

(d) deaccesment(if involves customer reviews and evaluation)

Advantage of spiral model.

1. this is only model which in corporate risk analysis throw out the development process which result into less no of errors in final product.

2. in this model each phase is completed with the review by consult people which each result to good quality model.

3. incorporate software quality object and validate steps that eliminates the error and the early phase of the development.

Disadvantage of spiral model.

1. it is a complex model which required expectation from different felts.2. it provide more flexibility required by many application.3. lack of explicit process guidance indeterminate object constraints & alternates.

4. Iterative model

* this model has same phases as in waterfall model but it is conducted in several cycles.

* a usable product is released it the end of each cycle with each realise provides additional functionality.

* this model is better then waterfall model because user is able to see the working function of software department wise.

5. RAD(rapid application development) Model.

1. Requirement planning

2. user description

3. construction

4. cut overs.

Features of RAD.

1. Developed by IBM.
2. user involvement is inertial for requirement phase to delivery for product.
3.this model use power full development case school for making the development fast.
4. the use of tool and new from work increasing the productivity.
5.involvement of user increase the acceptability of the product.
6.this model uses reusable component and highly specialised and skilled development.

6. Build & fix model.

In this most simple model of software development, the product is constructed with minimal requirements, and generally no specifications nor any attempt at design, and testing is most often neglected. This is a representation of what is happening in many software development projects.

Features of build and fix.

1. application for a small software having size 100-200 LOC.

2. there is no room for design or structures techniques.

3. this is an invoke approach not well defined.

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